Water Types – An Overview

Water Types We Treat
When working with water treatment, it is crucial to understand the type of water being treated. The origin and characteristics of the water determine the contaminants present and the most suitable treatment technology.

Different types of water require different treatment approaches. For example, dewatering water from construction sites may contain high levels of suspended solids and metals, while leachate from landfills is often contaminated with organic compounds and heavy metals.
Here are the most common water types we work with:

1. Dewatering Water
Dewatering water, often originating from construction and infrastructure projects, consists of rainwater, infiltrating groundwater, or process water generated from activities such as excavation, blasting, or drilling. Typical contaminants include suspended solids, metals, and often elevated pH levels.

2. Process Water
Process water is generated in industrial manufacturing, cooling, or cleaning processes. After use, it may be contaminated with chemicals, heavy metals, oils, or other substances, depending on the specific process. This type of water often requires advanced treatment to be safely reused or discharged.

3. Leachate Water
Leachate water is generated when water, usually rain, comes into contact with waste in a landfill. It can contain a complex mix of contaminants, including heavy metals such as cadmium and chromium, organic compounds, nitrogen, sulfur, and high levels of BOD and COD. The quantity and type of contaminants depend on the landfill's age, waste composition, and surrounding environmental conditions.

4. Stormwater
Stormwater is rain and meltwater that runs off impervious surfaces such as roads and rooftops. As it flows, it can accumulate pollutants such as oils, heavy metals, and chemicals. If not properly managed, stormwater can contaminate water bodies, lakes, or even groundwater.

5. Industrial Stormwater
Industrial stormwater occurs when rainwater comes into contact with industrial surfaces or activities. Contaminants such as dissolved metals are common and must be treated before discharge. Recycling facilities and other industrial operations are examples of environments where this occurs.

6. Firefighting Water
Firefighting water is generated during fire suppression and can contain a mix of contaminants, depending on the materials and chemicals exposed during the extinguishing process. Common pollutants include PFAS from firefighting foam, oils, heavy metals, organic compounds, and soot particles.

By tailoring treatment technology to the specific water type, we ensure compliance with all discharge regulations while maintaining efficient and sustainable project execution. Our solutions are designed to address these challenges, regardless of the type of water or contaminants involved.